Although ageing is considered to be the strongest predictor of developing cognitive decline and dementia, dementia does not occur simply because we grow older. There is no single factor responsible for causing dementia, rather there are a wide variety of genetic and environmental factors contributing towards susceptibility for developing dementia.

Some risk factors, such as age and family history, are considered to be non-modifiable risk factors. However, there are also many risk factors which are modifiable. Many sub-types of dementia, such as vascular dementia, are associated with health and lifestyle factors such as high blood pressure and smoking, which are modifiable risk factors. If we can better assess these factors, we can work to reduce the likelihood that someone will go on to develop dementia later in life.

By looking at modifiable risk factors and identifying factors making you vulnerable to cognitive decline, it is possible to make changes to your current health and lifestyle in order to delay or reduce your risk for developing cognitive decline and dementia later in life.

High alcohol consumption
Low fish consumption

Diabetes
Hypertension
Stroke
Atrial fibrillation
High Cholesterol
Insufficient sleep/insomnia
Depression

Smoking
Physical inactivity
Low social engagement
Low cognitive engagement